Author/s: Shuokr Qarani Aziz1, Payam Ismael Abdulrahman2,3*, Hunar Ali Karim Al-Jaf4 ,Dilshad Kakasor Jaf1
Affiliation:
1Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Salahaddin University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
2Scientific Research Center of Soran University, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
3Construction Department, Pirmam Technical & Vocational Institute, Shahid Foundation, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
4Department of Civil Engineering, University of Garmian, Kalar- Sulaimaniyah, Kurdistan Region, Iraq.
*Corresponding Author, Email: payam.ismael294@gmail.com.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.31972/iceti2024.035
Abstract
With growing infrastructure development the demand for construction materials will increase, especially cement. It works as a binder therefore became a major material in civil engineering which is widely used in pastes, mortars and concretes. Due to a variety of application areas of cement, different types of cement have been developed. The most commonly type is Portland cement (PC) used in slabs, beams, prestress units and most of the structural sections. In order to improve the durability and produce more eco-friendly cement, another new type of cement has been innovated such as blended cement and geopolymer cement. They can reduce the amount of carbon dioxide released to the atmosphere during manufacturing of Portland cement which was estimated by 320kg/m3 and utilizing industrial by-products such as fly ash and slag which are widely available in the industrial countries. They can also enhance mechanical properties and durability of the materials. This paper briefly reviews the different types of cement with their properties, durability and environmental impacts. The review highlights the shift towards blended and geopolymer cements as eco-friendly alternatives to Portland cement (PC). These cements reduce CO2 emissions by using industrial by-products, offering technical benefits such as improved durability and resistance to environmental degradation. Sustainability is increasingly crucial in construction to minimize environmental impacts while maintaining material performance.
Keywords: Blended Cement, Durability, Fly Ash, Geopolymer Cement, Portland Cement, Slag.
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